Spring tide explained: What beachgoers, anglers and hikers need to know

The National Sea Rescue Institute (NSRI) is urging beachgoers, anglers and coastal hikers to take extra care this weekend as a full moon spring tide coincides with the school holidays and Heritage Day long weekend.

The full moon occurs on Saturday, September 26, at 18h48. The biggest tidal ranges usually occur a day or two after the full moon, meaning the strongest spring tides are expected from about Saturday, September 26, to Tuesday, September 29.

The spring tide also follows closely after the September 23 equinox, when spring tides tend to be among the strongest of the year.

What is an equinox?

An equinox is one of two moments each year when the sun sits directly above the equator. On an equinox, day and night are roughly equal in length everywhere on Earth.

What is a spring tide?

Spring tides happen when the sun, moon and Earth align, strengthening the pull on the ocean.

Their effects can last for several days.

According to NSRI Communications Manager Andrew Ingram, families heading to the coast should plan around the tides.

“Check the tide times where you are, swim at lifeguard-protected beaches, and if you are fishing from rocks, wear a life jacket and be sure to have flotation with you,” he said.

What can you expect during a spring tide?

Higher high tides: Water reaches further up the shore than usual.

Lower low tides: More of the seabed and rocks are exposed.

A bigger tidal range: The difference between high and low tide is at its greatest.

What are the hazards?

Rip currents: Stronger tidal flows make rip currents stronger, putting swimmers at risk.

Strong tidal currents: Flows through estuary mouths, harbour entrances and narrow inlets, such as the Knysna Heads, are much stronger than normal.

Coastal paths and hiking trails: Some routes may be cut off or become dangerous at high tide.

Rock and shoreline fishing: At high tide, waves can reach beyond areas that are usually safe.

How can beachgoers stay safe?

• Swim only at lifeguard-protected beaches and between the lifeguards’ flags.

• Take extra care on the outgoing tide, when rip currents are often at their strongest.

• Check the South African Weather Service forecast and local tide tables before heading out.

What should coastal hikers and anglers know?

Hikers: Plan routes around local high-tide times and avoid trails that may be cut off.

Anglers: Keep a safe distance from the water’s edge. If fishing from rocks, wear a life jacket and carry something that floats and can be thrown to someone in the water, such as an empty 5-litre plastic bottle with a rope attached.

What about boating and paddling?

Always wear a life jacket and carry essential safety equipment.

Keep your cellphone charged and stored in a waterproof pouch.

The free NSRI SafeTrx app allows users to log their trip and call for help quickly.

General water safety

The NSRI advises people to:

• Not drink alcohol before swimming, boating or fishing.

• Ensure a responsible adult is always watching children in and near the water.

• Take care around rivers, dams and lakes, particularly after rain when water can run fast and deep.

• Watch for strong winds and changing weather.

• Be aware of the tide: beachgoers should take care as the tide goes out, while rock anglers should take care as it comes in.

IOL